Ethical Hacking: What are Computer Viruses

Ethical Hacking: What are Computer Viruses: What is a Computer Virus ? A potentially damaging computer programme capable of reproducing itself c...

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What are Computer Viruses

What is a Computer Virus ? A potentially damaging computer programme capable of reproducing itself causing great harm to files or other programs without permission or knowledge of the user. Types of viruses :- The different types of viruses are as follows- 1) Boot Sector Virus :- Boot sector viruses infect either the master boot record of the hard disk or the floppy drive. The boot record program responsible for the booting of operating system is replaced by the virus. The virus either copies the master boot program to another part of the hard disk or overwrites it. They infect a computer when it boots up or when it accesses the infected floppy disk in the floppy drive. i.e. Once a system is infected with a boot-sector virus, any non-write-protected disk ac...
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What IS IP Spoofing

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The term IP (Internet Protocol) address spoofing refers to the creation of IP packets with a forged (spoofed) source IP address with the purpose of concealing the identity of the sender or impersonating another computing system. Why it works ? IP-Spoofing works because trusted services only rely on network address based authentication. Since IP is easily duped, address forgery is not difficult. The main reason is security weakness in the TCP protocol known as sequence number prediction. How it works ? To completely understand how ip spoofing can take place, one must examine the structure of the TCP/IP protocol suite. A basic understanding of these headers and network exchanges is crucial to the process. Internet Protocol (IP) : It is a network protocol op...
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Denial Of Service (DoS) Attacks

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A denial of service (DoS) attack is an attack that clogs up so much memory on the target system that it can not serve it's users, or it causes the target system to crash, reboot, or otherwise deny services to legitimate users.There are several different kinds of dos attacks as discussed below:- 1) Ping Of Death :- The ping of death attack sends oversized ICMP datagrams (encapsulated in IP packets) to the victim.The Ping command makes use of the ICMP echo request and echo reply messages and it's commonly used to determine whether the remote host is alive. In a ping of death attack, however, ping causes the remote system to hang, reboot or crash. To do so the attacker uses, the ping command in conjuction with -l argument (used to specify the size of the packet sent) to ping the target system that exceeds the maximum bytes allowed by TCP/IP (65,536). example:- c:/>ping -l 65540 h...
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